Study of metal assisted anisotropic chemical etching of silicon for high aspect ratio in crystalline silicon solar cells

Textured surface is commonly used to enhance the efficiency of silicon solar cells by reducing the overall reflectance and improving the light scattering. In this study, a comparison between isotropic and anisotropic etching methods was investigated. The deep funnel shaped structures with high aspect ratio are proposed for better light trapping with low reflectance in crystalline silicon solar cells. The anisotropic metal assisted chemical etching (MACE) was used to form the funnel shaped structures with various aspect ratios. The funnel shaped structures showed an average reflectance of 14.75% while it was 15.77% for the pillar shaped structures. The average reflectance was further reduced to 9.49% using deep funnel shaped structures with an aspect ratio of 1:1.18. The deep funnel shaped structures with high aspect ratios can be employed for high performance of crystalline silicon solar cells.     

Flower‐shaped ultra‐wideband fractal antenna

A flower‐shaped ultra‐wideband fractal antenna is presented. It comprises a fourth iterative flower‐shaped radiator, asymmetrical stub‐loaded feeding line, and coplanar quarter elliptical ground planes. A wide operating band of 12.12 GHz (4.58‐16.7 GHz) for S ₁₁ ≤ ? 10 dB is achieved along with an overall antenna footprint of 15.7 × 11.4 mm². In addition, other desirable characteristics, that is, omnidirectional radiation patterns, peak gain upto 5 dB, and fidelity factor more than 75% are achieved. A good agreement exists between the simulation and measured results. The obtained results illustrate that this antenna has wide operating range and compact dimensions than available structures.     

Regulation of sensory nerve conduction velocity of human bodies responding to annual temperature variations in natural environments

The extensive research interests in environmental temperature can be linked to human productivity / performance as well as comfort and health; while the mechanisms of physiological indices responding to temperature variations remain incompletely understood. This study adopted a physiological sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) as a temperature‐sensitive biomarker to explore the thermoregulatory mechanisms of human responding to annual temperatures. The measurements of subjects’ SCV (over 600 samples) were conducted in a naturally ventilated environment over all four seasons. The results showed a positive correlation between SCV and annual temperatures and a Boltzmann model was adopted to depict the S‐shaped trend of SCV with operative temperatures from 5°C to 40°C. The SCV increased linearly with operative temperatures from 14.28°C to 20.5°C and responded sensitively for 10.19°C‐24.59°C, while tended to be stable beyond that. The subjects’ thermal sensations were linearly related to SCV, elaborating the relation between human physiological regulations and subjective thermal perception variations. The findings reveal the body SCV regulatory characteristics in different operative temperature intervals, thereby giving a deeper insight into human autonomic thermoregulation and benefiting for built environment designs, meantime minimizing the temperature‐invoked risks to human health and well‐being.     

三角旋转活塞发动机缸体型线研究

根据三角旋转活塞发动机运动几何原理 ,详细分析了缸体型线。缸体的实际型线是双弧外摆线的等距曲线 ,并由此导出其数学表达式。本文进一步说明了两种几何运动实现方式 ,分析了参数的几何意义 ,并给出其表达式。     

平面条形药包控制大爆破在马鞭洲工程中的应用

在硐室爆破工程中应用平面条形药包可以有效地实现对抛掷的控制。本文论述了平面条形药包的作用机理及特征，并结合马鞭洲第二炮——１３５０ｔ大爆破工程实践，就平面条形药包的布置、起爆方法等进行了总结和探讨。     

钨铜合金药型罩及其性能

钨铜合金药型罩的应用可以提高射流对均质钢靶的侵彻能力.这一提高得益于射流密度的提高以及断裂时间的延长. 本文对钨铜合金射流及其断裂形态通过X光照像进行了研究.它的旋转效应及其炸高特性也进行了实验研究. 钨铜合金药型罩的威力实验在φ30 mm的破甲弹上进行.在相同装药条件下与紫铜罩相比,威力提高20～30%.     

泄压注浆法在治理小型突水中的运用

七煤集团建设工程公司在施工辽阳铧子石膏矿主、风井井筒时 ,多次采用泄压注浆法成功通过中小型含水层 ,对小型突水进行了有效封堵 ,取得了较好的经济效益     

星载成形反射面天线的设计方法

成形反射面天线的设计与综合是近年来卫星天线发展的一个热点问题 ,本文对日本、北美和欧洲成形反射面天线的技术发展和综合方法作了介绍和比较。     

谈井下矿山二次破碎裸露爆破方法

井下矿山二次破碎裸露爆破可采用聚能药包和水封聚能药包破碎大块，聚能药包能改变药柱某个方向的猛度，提高炸药能量利用率，水封爆破利用了炸药的猛度和一部分爆力作用，从而有效地利用了炸药本身的能量，降低了爆破危害。     

A uniplanar printed antenna with an inverted L‐shaped coupling feed for LTE/GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS operations

A novel uniplanar printed antenna with a total size of 115 × 40 mm² is proposed for mobile device application. By using an inverted L‐shaped feeding mechanism and a meandered shorting strip, a dual‐band operation with wideband characteristic can be achieved. Here, the lower operating band is able to cover the LTE 700 and GSM 850/900 operations, while the higher operating band allows DCS 1800, PCS 1900, UMTS, and LTE 2300 operations. Furthermore, in order to increase the bandwidth of the higher operating band so that LTE 2500 operation can also be covered, an additional parasitic stub is attached to the feed line to excite a resonant frequency at around 2.72 GHz. Parametric studies via simulation are carried out, and prototype of the proposed antenna is also experimentally investigated to validate the simulated results. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2012.